What is element with example?

   The elements

Elements are the basic chemical buildings blocks of matter, and atoms are the basic unit of an element. Snap together atoms of a few chemical elements and you can make anything on Earth, from the smallest beetle to the tallest skyscraper. 

You could build living things from o handful of elements based on carbon, and you could make the water that covers most of our planet from just two elements - hydrogen and oxygen. But to make everything on Earth you would need about 100 elements in total. Most element occur naturally- they are locked in rocks for drifting around in the atmosphere. But since elements are made from protons,neutrons and electrons glued together by strong forces, it's also possible to build brand new ones. Scientist have done just this in laboratories, pushing the total number of known elements to 118.

The Periodic Table

If we sort the elements into a grid,according to their atomic structure, patterns are emerge. Elements that behave in similar ways group together, so we can predict how an element will behave from its place in the grid. This idea is called  the Periodic Table,and it was created by Russian chemist called Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869.

       Growing atoms

Atoms get bigger and heavier as we move down each column (group) of the table. This is because there are more protons in the nucleus and more electrons in the shells (rings) around it. A shell is added each time we move another step down a group.

Shrinking atoms

As we move along each row (period) of the table, atoms gain more protons and electrons. Each atom has the same number of electron shells, but there are more positively charged protons pulling the shells inwards. This "shrinks" the atom and makes it more tightly packed.

What is an element?

The elements are different substances (solid, liquids and gases) made from atoms that have different inner structures. If two atoms have the same number of protons, they are atoms of the same element. An atom is the smallest amount of an element you can have.  

• Atomic number

This is the number of protons inside the nucleus of the atom. The metal titanium has 22 protons and an atomic number of 22.

• Atomic mass

This is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.

• Name

The name of an element often describes its properties. Titanium is name after the Titans, Ancient Greek gods of incredible strength.

• Chemical symbol

This is a shortened way of representing an element. Some elements have symbols made up from their names.

96% OF YOUR BODY IS

MADE OF JUST FOUR ELEMENTS:

OXYGEN, CARBON,   

HYDROGEN,

AND NITROGEN.

Building blocks

The periodic table is made up of rows  called periods and columns called groups. As we move across each period the elements change from solid metal (on the left) two gases (on the right).

Period

The elements in a period all have the same number of electron shells.

Group

The elements in groups are similar because they have the same number of electrons in their outermost shell.

Series

Within the table are bigger blocks of elements that behave in similar ways. On the left are reactive metals such as sodium (Na). Most everyday metals occur in the middle of the table in a set called transition metals. Non-metals are mostly on the right of the table. Rare Earth metals are all soft metals.

Transuranic elements

Elements with a greater number than uranium(92) are called transuranic. Unlike elements 1-92, these aren't found in nature and have to be created in particle accelerators or nuclear reactors which make them very expensive to use.

Carbon

This is the 4th most common element. Both plants and animals are about 18 percent carbon.

Helium

This gas makes up about a quarter of the entire mass of the universe.

Under everyday conditions, two of the elements - Mercury and bromine - are liquids, 11 are gases, and the

rest are solids.